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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

If you're a fan of coffee, you likely already know that different varieties of beans produce varying flavor profiles. Find out about four of the most widely used varieties: Arabica. Robusta. Liberica. and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans are a type of Liberica that is only grown in Southeast Asia. They have a more fruity, more tart flavor and are frequently used in blends of coffee for added depth.

Arabica

Arabica 500g coffee beans beans make up 75% of all global production. Arabica beans are softer and sweeter than Robusta, and are available in a variety of flavours. The aroma and taste of coffee can be affected by the conditions in which it is grown as well as the processing methods employed.

The word "coffee" originates from the Arabic word meaning the berry. Coffee beans are actually seeds that grow in bright red berries. It is believed that ancient Ethiopian shepherds noticed that their goats were energized after eating these fruits, and the cultivation of coffee quickly became widespread across the globe.

coffee beans bristol beans can be grown at higher altitudes and are capable of flourishing when exposed to cool temperatures and lots of rain. This is one of the reasons that Arabica is regarded as the best tasting coffee.

Many specialty coffee beans types [helpful resources] shops and roasters concentrate on the ethical sourcing of arabica beans, focusing on fair wages for farmers and sustainable farming practices. These companies blend arabica beans in order to create unique signature coffees, which are suitable for different brewing methods. Blending is a way to control the aroma, taste and body as well as acidity of coffee beans price. It is often utilized to create an even and balanced taste that appeals to a wider market.

Robusta

Robusta beans (Coffea canephora) are the second most widely used type of coffee bean grown in the world. They have a higher amount of caffeine per bean than Arabica and are more resistant to diseases and pests. They also contain more chlorogenic acids, which are naturally-occurring antioxidants. These acids can cause oxidation in the brewing process, and can result in undesirable flavors.

The plant itself is more durable than arabica, and can grow in less favorable climate conditions and at lower elevations. It can withstand warmer temperatures and thrives in direct sunlight. It is faster growing and produces more coffee per plant than arabica, which makes it a cost-effective crop to grow.

While it may seem counterintuitive it's true that Robusta beans are often combined with arabica to create coffee blends. If you see names such as Uganda or Kenya on the bag of coffee it's likely that there is also some robusta.

Most roasters employ a mixture of arabica and cheap coffee beans beans in order to cut costs and ensure quality coffee beans. To ensure the integrity of the flavor you should select the best quality beans from a trusted source. This can be done by purchasing your beans directly from farmers.

Liberica

Liberica beans have a shape like a football, which is what makes them distinct from other types of coffee beans. They have a distinctive scent that is fruity and floral with smoky undertones. They are often added to other types of coffee beans to give them a more rounded and more robust taste.

Liberica coffee beans are grown in West Africa and Malaysia (Borneo) as and in Southeast Asia. They are tolerant of hot, humid conditions and can be grown at low altitudes. They also have a more resistant to diseases than Arabica and Robusta.

These attributes make them ideal for growing at home. Online, you can purchase the seeds from various sources. However, it is best to buy the beans from local producers to ensure the highest quality. The best conditions for growing Liberica coffee are fertile deep volcano soils, with a pH that is moderately acidic and sufficient annual rainfall.

Another type of coffee bean is Excelsa that was once thought to be a separate species, but was re-classified as an alternative to Liberica. These oval-shaped coffee beans are grown on large coffee plants that range from 20-30 feet in height at moderate altitudes. They have a unique taste that is both fruity and tart and has made them a preferred option in blends made by home. They have a less pronounced aroma and higher caffeine content than Arabica or Robusta but they do have a distinctive depth of flavor.

Excelsa

Excelsa coffee beans aren't as popular as Arabica and Robusta even though they are the fourth most popular. In fact they were regarded as distinct species of coffee until 2006 when they were classified as an alternative to Coffea liberica var. dewevrei. They are grown in Southeast Asia today and account for 7% of the global production of coffee. The beans are distinctive with a teardrop shape, and a dark, mysterious taste. These beans are often used to give blends more body and a rich tart taste of ripened fruits.

Arabica beans are by far the most popular and are known for their sweeter flavor. They thrive in tropical and warm climates and at high altitudes. They also have a hint of acidity. If brewed and roasted correctly they may have notes like nuts, chocolate or even fruit.

Robusta is a close second only to Arabica and accounts for around 40 percent of the world's beans. Robusta beans are smaller and rounder, but have twice as much caffeine as Arabica. They also have more bitterness than the other two varieties and are more likely to have earthy and woody undertones.

Now that you know the four most widely used varieties of coffee beans now is the time to pick the perfect cup. If you prefer smooth and delicate flavors pick an arabica, or a blend consisting of robusta beans and arabica beans.